Recent Emergence and Spread of an Arctic-Related Phylogenetic Lineage of Rabies Virus in Nepal
Identifieur interne : 004515 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004514; suivant : 004516Recent Emergence and Spread of an Arctic-Related Phylogenetic Lineage of Rabies Virus in Nepal
Auteurs : Ganesh R. Pant [Népal] ; Rachel Lavenir [France] ; Frank Y. K. Wong [Australie] ; Andrea Certoma [Australie] ; Florence Larrous [France] ; Dwij R. Bhatta [Népal] ; Hervé Bourhy [France] ; Vittoria Stevens [Australie] ; Laurent Dacheux [France]Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [ 1935-2727 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
Rabies is a zoonotic disease that is endemic in many parts of the developing world, especially in Africa and Asia. However its epidemiology remains largely unappreciated in much of these regions, such as in Nepal, where limited information is available about the spatiotemporal dynamics of the main etiological agent, the rabies virus (RABV). In this study, we describe for the first time the phylogenetic diversity and evolution of RABV circulating in Nepal, as well as their geographical relationships within the broader region. A total of 24 new isolates obtained from Nepal and collected from 2003 to 2011 were full-length sequenced for both the nucleoprotein and the glycoprotein genes, and analysed using neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic methods with representative viruses from all over the world, including new related RABV strains from neighbouring or more distant countries (Afghanistan, Greenland, Iran, Russia and USA). Despite Nepal's limited land surface and its particular geographical position within the Indian subcontinent, our study revealed the presence of a surprising wide genetic diversity of RABV, with the co-existence of three different phylogenetic groups: an Indian subcontinent clade and two different Arctic-like sub-clades within the Arctic-related clade. This observation suggests at least two independent episodes of rabies introduction from neighbouring countries. In addition, specific phylogenetic and temporal evolution analysis of viruses within the Arctic-related clade has identified a new recently emerged RABV lineage we named as the Arctic-like 3 (AL-3) sub-clade that is already widely spread in Nepal.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002560
PubMed: 24278494
PubMed Central: 3836727
Affiliations:
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Pant</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>Rabies Vaccine Production Laboratory, Tripureshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Rabies Vaccine Production Laboratory, Tripureshwor, Kathmandu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kathmandu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lavenir, Rachel" sort="Lavenir, Rachel" uniqKey="Lavenir R" first="Rachel" last="Lavenir">Rachel Lavenir</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Frank Y K" sort="Wong, Frank Y K" uniqKey="Wong F" first="Frank Y. K." last="Wong">Frank Y. K. Wong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences, Geelong, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Certoma, Andrea" sort="Certoma, Andrea" uniqKey="Certoma A" first="Andrea" last="Certoma">Andrea Certoma</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences, Geelong, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Larrous, Florence" sort="Larrous, Florence" uniqKey="Larrous F" first="Florence" last="Larrous">Florence Larrous</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bhatta, Dwij R" sort="Bhatta, Dwij R" uniqKey="Bhatta D" first="Dwij R." last="Bhatta">Dwij R. Bhatta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Népal</country><wicri:regionArea>Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kathmandu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bourhy, Herve" sort="Bourhy, Herve" uniqKey="Bourhy H" first="Hervé" last="Bourhy">Hervé Bourhy</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stevens, Vittoria" sort="Stevens, Vittoria" uniqKey="Stevens V" first="Vittoria" last="Stevens">Vittoria Stevens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences, Geelong, Victoria, Australia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Australian Animal Health Laboratory, CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences, Geelong, Victoria</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Victoria</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dacheux, Laurent" sort="Dacheux, Laurent" uniqKey="Dacheux L" first="Laurent" last="Dacheux">Laurent Dacheux</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris, France</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Institut Pasteur, Unit Lyssavirus Dynamics and Host Adaptation, National Reference Centre for Rabies, WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Rabies, Paris</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1935-2727</idno><idno type="eISSN">1935-2735</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Rabies is a zoonotic disease that is endemic in many parts of the developing world, especially in Africa and Asia. However its epidemiology remains largely unappreciated in much of these regions, such as in Nepal, where limited information is available about the spatiotemporal dynamics of the main etiological agent, the rabies virus (RABV). In this study, we describe for the first time the phylogenetic diversity and evolution of RABV circulating in Nepal, as well as their geographical relationships within the broader region. A total of 24 new isolates obtained from Nepal and collected from 2003 to 2011 were full-length sequenced for both the nucleoprotein and the glycoprotein genes, and analysed using neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic methods with representative viruses from all over the world, including new related RABV strains from neighbouring or more distant countries (Afghanistan, Greenland, Iran, Russia and USA). Despite Nepal's limited land surface and its particular geographical position within the Indian subcontinent, our study revealed the presence of a surprising wide genetic diversity of RABV, with the co-existence of three different phylogenetic groups: an Indian subcontinent clade and two different Arctic-like sub-clades within the Arctic-related clade. This observation suggests at least two independent episodes of rabies introduction from neighbouring countries. In addition, specific phylogenetic and temporal evolution analysis of viruses within the Arctic-related clade has identified a new recently emerged RABV lineage we named as the Arctic-like 3 (AL-3) sub-clade that is already widely spread in Nepal.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nel, Lh" uniqKey="Nel L">LH Nel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Markotter, W" uniqKey="Markotter W">W Markotter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dacheux, L" uniqKey="Dacheux L">L Dacheux</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delmas, O" uniqKey="Delmas O">O Delmas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bourhy, H" uniqKey="Bourhy H">H Bourhy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Knobel, Dl" uniqKey="Knobel D">DL Knobel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cleaveland, S" uniqKey="Cleaveland S">S 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Botvinkin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mcelhinney, Lm" uniqKey="Mcelhinney L">LM McElhinney</name></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Js" uniqKey="Smith J">JS Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Orciari, La" uniqKey="Orciari L">LA Orciari</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Park, Yj" uniqKey="Park Y">YJ Park</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Mk" uniqKey="Shin M">MK Shin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kwon, Hm" uniqKey="Kwon H">HM Kwon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shao, Xq" uniqKey="Shao X">XQ Shao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Xj" uniqKey="Yan X">XJ Yan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Luo, Gl" uniqKey="Luo G">GL Luo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Hl" uniqKey="Zhang H">HL Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chai, Xl" uniqKey="Chai X">XL Chai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Népal</li></country><region><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Paris</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Népal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pant, Ganesh R" sort="Pant, Ganesh R" uniqKey="Pant G" first="Ganesh R." last="Pant">Ganesh R. Pant</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bhatta, Dwij R" sort="Bhatta, Dwij R" uniqKey="Bhatta D" first="Dwij R." last="Bhatta">Dwij R. Bhatta</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Lavenir, Rachel" sort="Lavenir, Rachel" uniqKey="Lavenir R" first="Rachel" last="Lavenir">Rachel Lavenir</name></region><name sortKey="Bourhy, Herve" sort="Bourhy, Herve" uniqKey="Bourhy H" first="Hervé" last="Bourhy">Hervé Bourhy</name><name sortKey="Dacheux, Laurent" sort="Dacheux, Laurent" uniqKey="Dacheux L" first="Laurent" last="Dacheux">Laurent Dacheux</name><name sortKey="Larrous, Florence" sort="Larrous, Florence" uniqKey="Larrous F" first="Florence" last="Larrous">Florence Larrous</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Wong, Frank Y K" sort="Wong, Frank Y K" uniqKey="Wong F" first="Frank Y. K." last="Wong">Frank Y. K. Wong</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Certoma, Andrea" sort="Certoma, Andrea" uniqKey="Certoma A" first="Andrea" last="Certoma">Andrea Certoma</name><name sortKey="Stevens, Vittoria" sort="Stevens, Vittoria" uniqKey="Stevens V" first="Vittoria" last="Stevens">Vittoria Stevens</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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